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Threats / Actors / Sandworm Team
G0034 Nation-stateour call,
not MITRE’s
ATT&CK Group

Sandworm Team

How MITRE ATT&CK characterizes this group1: Sandworm Team is a destructive threat group that has been attributed to Russia's General Staff Main Intelligence Directorate (GRU) Main Center for Special Technologies (GTsST) military unit 74455. This group has been active since at least 2009. In October 2020, the US indicted six GRU Unit 74455 officers associated with Sandworm Team for the following cyber operations: the 2015 and 2016 attacks against Ukrainian electrical companies and government…

Attributed to Russia — GRU (Unit 74455, Main Centre for Special Technologies) by government advisory.112113

Also tracked as: ELECTRUM Telebots IRON VIKING BlackEnergy (Group) Quedagh Voodoo Bear IRIDIUM Seashell Blizzard FROZENBARENTS APT44 — ATT&CK group page1
Read this as · tier is our editorial call, not MITRE’s

Read as a state-directed operator, not a smash-and-grab.

A nation-state classification means patience, tradecraft, and an intelligence objective. When this name attaches to a vulnerability, the question shifts from “will someone exploit it” to “has a well-resourced service already built it into an operation.” All tradecraft below is sourced to MITRE ATT&CK.

79
Techniques
ATT&CK count1
27
Named tools / malware
ATT&CK count2
3
Attributed campaigns
ATT&CK count1
14
Tactics spanned
ATT&CK count1
~2015–2022approx.
Activity bounds (campaign floor)
approximate1
01

Known for

— signature moves, each sourced to ATT&CK
Campaign2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack. ATT&CK tracks this attributed operation as C0025.109
Campaign2015 Ukraine Electric Power Attack. ATT&CK tracks this attributed operation as C0028.110
ArsenalNamed tooling. ATT&CK attributes 27 tools/malware to this group, including Mimikatz, PsExec, Net, BlackEnergy.82
ReachFurthest outcome. This actor's cited tradecraft reaches as far as outcome 5 — Lights out — disruption & extortion. (editorial mapping over ATT&CK tactics).
02

Tradecraft heatmap

— ATT&CK techniques mapped onto the five attacker-outcome narratives

Each row is a documented technique (MITRE ATT&CK). Each column is one of the five attacker-outcome narratives a defender funds against. A filled cell means this technique’s own ATT&CK tactic defensibly advances that outcome. The mapping of technique→outcome is our editorial alignment over ATT&CK's tactic data, not a separately-sourced MITRE edge. A filled cell means one of the technique's own ATT&CK tactics defensibly advances that outcome; enabler tactics (C2, Defense Evasion, Discovery) heat no column.

1Front door
2Keys to the kingdom
3Lateral reach
4Data at risk
5Lights out

Reach: this actor’s cited techniques light columns 1·2·3·4·5 — furthest is 5 · Lights out. (furthest-position idiom, reused from the landing map).

A dot = this technique advances that outcome
Editorial: the technique→outcome alignment is our call over ATT&CK’s tactic data, not a separately-sourced MITRE edge — same basis the landing page declares. Enabler tactics (C2, defense evasion, discovery) heat no column.1
03

Arsenal

— named tools & malware ATT&CK attributes to this group
MimikatzS0002 · Tool
PsExecS0029 · Tool
NetS0039 · Tool
BlackEnergyS0089 · Malware
Cobalt StrikeS0154 · Malware
SDeleteS0195 · Tool
Invoke-PSImageS0231 · Tool
GreyEnergyS0342 · Malware
+19 moreCoverage

ATT&CK attributes 27 tools/malware to G0034 in total; the full list is on the group page.

04

Campaign highlights

— attributed operations in the ATT&CK record
A

2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack — ATT&CK Campaign C0025

Attributed operation
ATT&CK records 2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack (C0025) — roughly 2016–2016 as an operation attributed to this group.109
Open ATT&CK C0025 ↗
B

2015 Ukraine Electric Power Attack — ATT&CK Campaign C0028

Attributed operation
ATT&CK records 2015 Ukraine Electric Power Attack (C0028) — roughly 2015–2016 as an operation attributed to this group.110
Open ATT&CK C0028 ↗
C

2022 Ukraine Electric Power Attack — ATT&CK Campaign C0034

Attributed operation
ATT&CK records 2022 Ukraine Electric Power Attack (C0034) — roughly 2022–2022 as an operation attributed to this group.111
Open ATT&CK C0034 ↗
05

Latest activity

— with explicit confidence, and what we cannot yet claim
ATT&CK
snapshot

The most recent cited activity in this card is the ATT&CK record itself. We do not paste a “last seen this week” line we cannot source. Recency from secondary reporting appears here only when attached to a named advisory.

ATT&CK snapshot, compiled 2026-06-22Coverage gap — live “currently active” status not asserted
CVE ↔ actor bridge: no confirmed CVE link is established for this group. ATT&CK provides no first-class group→CVE relationship, so this card does not claim specific CVEs as “exploited by this actor” unless a named advisory says so. Absence of a CVE here is a coverage gap, never a clean bill — confirmed links surface as a cited, linked list as the advisory bridge grows.
06

Coverage & confidence

— what we know, and what we don’t

Established (cited)

  • Group identity, aliases, description — MITRE ATT&CK group page
  • 79 techniques — ATT&CK technique pages (linked per row)
  • 27 software (arsenal) — ATT&CK software pages
  • 3 attributed campaign(s) — ATT&CK campaign pages
  • Origin / sponsor (Russia — GRU (Unit 74455, Main Centre for Special Technologies)) — curated government advisory (cited)
  • 15 third-party research citations — ATT&CK external references
  • Coverage gaps — stated, not hidden

  • Threat tier is OUR editorial classification (rule-based), not a MITRE field — labeled as such.
  • Technique → outcome heatmap is editorial alignment over ATT&CK tactic data, not a separately-sourced MITRE edge.
  • Activity bounds are a floor from attributed-campaign dates only — flagged approx., not a true active-since range.
  • ATT&CK has no first-class group→CVE relationship; this card asserts no specific CVE without a named advisory.