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Threats / Zyxel / CVE-2024-40891
CVE-2024-40891 · EUVD no mirror located · GCVE no mirror located Verified 2026-06-22

Zyxel DSL CPE Devices vulnerability

Zyxel DSL CPE devices contain a post-authentication command injection vulnerability allowing authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands via Telnet.

Verdict

Today item — known-exploited.

An authenticated attacker can inject OS commands through management interfaces on vulnerable Zyxel DSL CPE devices, achieving arbitrary code execution. The vulnerability is actively exploited in the wild.

CISA KEV Yes · 2025-02-113EPSS 0.2048 (verify live)4
01

Is it exploitable?

— the evidence, ranked above the score
Reported exploitation
3 independent public reports of in-the-wild exploitation are cataloged.Distinct reporting sources (vendor, incident response, government); open them for the underlying claims.
Exploited in the wild
Listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog (added 2025-02-11).
CISA KEV ↗Confirmed
Probability (EPSS)
EPSS 0.2048 — modeled likelihood of exploitation activity.EPSS is a daily-changing model output — open the source for today's value.
Severity / affected
Affected: Zyxel, DSL CPE Devices. Confirm exact fixed builds in the vendor advisory.
NVD ↗Reported
Weakness (CWE)
Mapped to CWE-78 OS Command Injection — weakness family: Injection.CWE assignment from the public NVD record; the weakness class drives how the flaw is exploited.
NVD ↗Reported
02

Who’s exploiting it?

— attribution turns risk into urgency
Attribution not established

No confirmed (advisory-backed) threat-actor attribution is established for this record. Absence of a named actor is not absence of compromise — see Coverage & confidence.

03

Why it matters

— the attack path, told twice: adversary, then board
1

Front door — unauthenticated access narrative 1

Attacker
I gain valid credentials for the device management interface through phishing, credential stuffing, or default credentials.
Business
Attackers with legitimate access pathways can bypass initial authentication barriers, increasing the attack surface for internal network compromise.
2

Keys to the kingdom — privilege/identity takeover narrative 2

Attacker
I connect via Telnet and inject shell metacharacters into management commands to execute arbitrary OS-level operations.
Business
The device becomes a foothold for lateral movement, data exfiltration, or deployment of persistent malware within the network.
3

Lateral reach — past segmentation narrative 3

Attacker
I establish persistent access or pivot to other network segments using the compromised CPE as a trusted internal node.
Business
Critical infrastructure and customer networks face operational disruption, data loss, and extended recovery costs from widespread device compromise.
04

What to do

— defensible action
  • Remediate per the vendor advisory — confirm the fixed build for your version and verify exposure.1
Say it to the boardA vulnerability with this evidence profile is a defensible budget line, not a backlog ticket — fund the change against the proof above.
05

Coverage & confidence

— what we know, and what we don’t

Established (cited)

  • KEV listing (CISA)
  • EPSS probability (FIRST)
  • 3 reported-exploitation source(s)
  • CWE weakness mapping (NVD)
  • Catalogued by Zyxel (CNA)
  • Coverage gaps — stated, not hidden

  • No EUVD / GCVE mirror in feed — single-authority dependency for the identifier.
  • EPSS & exposure are time-varying; verify live at the source.
  • Threat-actor attribution not established from feed data — absence of a name is not absence of compromise.
  • No finder/reporter credit recorded in the public CVE entry — the work behind this find is unattributed.
  • Disclosure & credit2
    Catalogued by ZyxelCNA
    Credited with finding itNo finder named in the public CVE record — the work behind this find is unattributed.