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Threats / Cisco / CVE-2025-20352
CVE-2025-20352 · EUVD no mirror located · GCVE no mirror located Verified 2026-06-22

Cisco IOS and XE vulnerability

Stack-based buffer overflow in Cisco IOS and IOS XE SNMP subsystem enables denial of service or remote code execution depending on attacker privilege level.

Verdict

Today item — known-exploited.

A stack-based buffer overflow in the SNMP subsystem of Cisco IOS and IOS XE allows low-privileged attackers to trigger system reload and denial of service, while high-privileged attackers can execute arbitrary code with root access.

CISA KEV Yes · 2025-09-293EPSS 0.37613 (verify live)4
01

Is it exploitable?

— the evidence, ranked above the score
Reported exploitation
7 independent public reports of in-the-wild exploitation are cataloged.Distinct reporting sources (vendor, incident response, government); open them for the underlying claims.
Exploited in the wild
Listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog (added 2025-09-29).
CISA KEV ↗Confirmed
Probability (EPSS)
EPSS 0.37613 — modeled likelihood of exploitation activity.EPSS is a daily-changing model output — open the source for today's value.
Severity / affected
Affected: Cisco, IOS and IOS XE. Confirm exact fixed builds in the vendor advisory.
NVD ↗Reported
Weakness (CWE)
Mapped to CWE-121 Stack-based Buffer Overflow — weakness family: Memory safety.CWE assignment from the public NVD record; the weakness class drives how the flaw is exploited.
NVD ↗Reported
02

Who’s exploiting it?

— attribution turns risk into urgency
Attribution not established

No confirmed (advisory-backed) threat-actor attribution is established for this record. Absence of a named actor is not absence of compromise — see Coverage & confidence.

03

Why it matters

— the attack path, told twice: adversary, then board
1

Front door — unauthenticated access narrative 1

Attacker
I craft a malformed SNMP packet designed to overflow the stack buffer in the SNMP subsystem.
Business
Network infrastructure becomes unstable as affected routers and switches experience unexpected reloads.
2

Keys to the kingdom — privilege/identity takeover narrative 2

Attacker
I send the malicious SNMP payload to a vulnerable device with low-privilege network access.
Business
Service availability degrades as the device crashes, disrupting routing and connectivity for dependent systems.
3

Lateral reach — past segmentation narrative 3

Attacker
With elevated privileges, I exploit the same buffer overflow to inject and execute arbitrary code at root level.
Business
Complete device compromise allows attackers to establish persistence, intercept traffic, and pivot to other network segments.
04

What to do

— defensible action
  • Remediate per the vendor advisory — confirm the fixed build for your version and verify exposure.1
Say it to the boardA vulnerability with this evidence profile is a defensible budget line, not a backlog ticket — fund the change against the proof above.
05

Coverage & confidence

— what we know, and what we don’t

Established (cited)

  • KEV listing (CISA)
  • EPSS probability (FIRST)
  • 7 reported-exploitation source(s)
  • CWE weakness mapping (NVD)
  • Catalogued by cisco (CNA)
  • Coverage gaps — stated, not hidden

  • No EUVD / GCVE mirror in feed — single-authority dependency for the identifier.
  • EPSS & exposure are time-varying; verify live at the source.
  • Threat-actor attribution not established from feed data — absence of a name is not absence of compromise.
  • No finder/reporter credit recorded in the public CVE entry — the work behind this find is unattributed.
  • Disclosure & credit2
    Catalogued by ciscoCNA
    Credited with finding itNo finder named in the public CVE record — the work behind this find is unattributed.